Near-polar orbits; investigate Earth's environment.
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Select type/application
- Clear
- ?
- Aeronomy
- Air density research
- Airlock module
- Altimetry
- Altimetry, Radar
- Amateur communication, imaging
- Amateur communication, technology
- Amateur communications
- Amateur radio communication
- Amateur radio communication, technology
- Area Reconnaissance, photo (film return type)
- Art
- Art, amateur communications
- ASAT
- ASAT target
- ASAT target ?
- ASAT technology
- Asteroid fly by probe
- Asteroid flyby
- Asteroid fly-by
- Asteroid impact
- Asteroid lander and sample return
- Asteroid orbiter
- Asteroid Orbiter / Lander
- Asteroid sample return
- Astrometry
- Astronomy
- Astronomy (UV)
- Astronomy (UV, X-ray)
- Astronomy (visible to mid IR)
- Astronomy / Technology
- Astronomy, cosmic rays
- Astronomy, EUV spectroscopy
- Astronomy, extreme UV
- Astronomy, far infra-red and sub-mm wave
- Astronomy, Far-UV spectroscopy
- Astronomy, Gamma
- Astronomy, Gamma ray
- Astronomy, Gamma rays
- Astronomy, Infrared
- Astronomy, Infra-Red
- Astronomy, IR
- Astronomy, Magnetosphere
- Astronomy, Micrometeroids
- Astronomy, optical
- Astronomy, particles
- Astronomy, radio
- Astronomy, solar
- Astronomy, sub-mm wave
- Astronomy, technology
- Astronomy, ultraviolet and X-Ray
- Astronomy, UV
- Astronomy, UV, X-ray
- Astronomy, visible
- Astronomy, X-ray
- Astronomy, X-Ray / Gamma
- Astronomy, X-ray, Gamma
- Astronomy, X-Ray; technology
- Atmosphere density
- Atmosphere density, calibration
- Atmospheric research
- Atmospheric science
- Ballast
- Basic research, Geodesy
- Biological resaerch
- Calibration
- Calibration target
- Cargo
- Chemical release in orbit
- Comet coma sample return
- Comet fly by
- Comet flyby
- Comet impact and flyby
- Comet orbiter and lander (Mars and Asteroid fly-by)
- Communication
- Communication M2M/IoT
- Communication (Amateur)
- Communication (Amateur), Technology
- Communication (BIU)
- Communication (Crypto)
- Communication (Direct Broadcasting)
- Communication (Direct radio broadcasting)
- Communication (Experimental)
- Communication (IoT)
- Communication (MSS)
- Communication (SES)
- Communication (SES), Earth observation (NASA)
- Communication (store & forward)
- Communication / Meteorology
- Communication amateur radio
- Communication M2M/IoT
- Communication M2M/IoT (all), traffic monitoring (#3-10)
- Communication M2M/IoT, technology
- Communication M2M/IoT, traffic monitoring
- Communication relay
- Communication Technology
- Communication, Amateur communication
- Communication, data relay
- Communication, data relay, interplanetary
- Communication, direct broadcasting
- Communication, Earth observation
- Communication, earth observation, traffic monitoring
- Communication, experimental
- Communication, Meteorology
- Communication, Meteorology, Navigation
- Communication, military
- Communication, passive
- Communication, relay
- Communication, store dump, Science
- Communication, Store-Dump
- Communication, technology
- Communication, traffic monitoring
- Communications
- Communications (BIU), technology
- Communications (COSPAS-SARSAT)
- Communications (IoT)
- Communications ?
- Communications IoT
- Communications, amateur
- Communications, laser
- Communications, technology
- Comsat
- Comsat / Relay
- Cosmic Background
- Cosmic Radiation
- Cosmic radiation science
- Cosmology
- Crewed lunar lander
- Crewed lunar lander test
- Crewed Lunar orbit and return
- Crewed spacecraft
- Crewed spacecraft for ASTP project
- Crewed spacecraft for Earth observation
- Crewed spacecraft for earth orbit and lunar orbit
- Crewed spacecraft prototype
- Crewed spacecraft technology
- Crewed spaceflight technology
- Data collection and relay
- Data relay
- Docking adaptor
- Docking Module
- Docking Target
- Dummy payload
- Dummy satellite
- Early Warning
- Early warning ?
- Early warning, communication
- Early warning, technology
- Earth obeservation, radar (active)
- Earth obseervation
- Earth observation
- Earth Observation (all), cosmic rays (#2)
- Earth observation (film return type)
- Earth Observation (film return)
- Earth observation (Ocean)
- Earth observation (radar)
- Earth observation (SAR)
- Earth observation Radar
- Earth observation,
- Earth observation, amateur communications, traffic monitoring
- Earth observation, communication
- Earth observation, communications
- Earth observation, communications (IoT)
- Earth observation, Communications (IoT), Technology
- Earth Observation, cosmic rays
- Earth Observation, Lidar
- Earth Observation, Radar
- Earth Observation, radar & optical
- Earth observation, Radio amateur communication
- Earth observation, Science
- Earth observation, solar science
- Earth observation, store and forward communications
- Earth observation, technology
- Earth observation, traffic monitoring
- Earth Science
- Earth Science (Ocean salinity)
- Earth Science, Gravity field mapping
- Earth sciences
- Earth sciences, technology
- Ecology, Whale Monitoring
- Education
- Education, amateur radio communication, technology
- Education, technology
- ELINT
- ELINT ?
- ELINT, experimental
- ELINT, ocean surveillance
- ELINT, SIGINT
- ELINT, SIGINT, Research
- ELINT, SIGINT, TELINT
- Engineering Test
- Entertainment, promotion
- Environmental data collection and relay
- ESA / ESTEC
- Experimental
- Experimental avionics
- Experimental communication
- Experimental communication (store and forward)
- Experimental communication M2M/IoT
- Experimental communication M2M/IoT, traffic monitoring
- Experimental communication, traffic monitoring
- Experimental communications
- Experimental crewed spacecraft
- Experimental, communication, passice
- Experimental, Earth observation
- Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (FOBS) test
- Fundamental Physics (Principle of relativity)
- Gamma ray astronomy
- Geodesy
- Geodesy, calibration
- Geodesy, Ionospheric research
- Geodetic-research
- Imaging
- Inflatable heatshield technology
- Inflatable structures technology
- Instrumented dummy
- Instrumented dummy payload
- Instrumented dummy payload, calibration target
- Instrumented dynamic simualtion payload
- Instrumented second stage
- Instrumented third stage
- Interplanetary technology development
- Ionosphere
- Ionosphere Research
- Ionosphere, magnetosphere
- Ionospheric Research
- Ionospheric research, Technology
- IR earth science, retrievable satellite
- Jupiter (1,2), Saturn (1,2), Uranus (2), Neptune (2) flyby
- Jupiter (10,11), Saturn (11) flyby
- Jupiter / Ganymede orbiter
- Jupiter orbiter / Europa fly-by
- Jupiter orbiter and probe
- Jupiter polar orbiter
- Laser Altimetry Mission
- Laser Calibration
- Laser communication, Amateur communication
- Launch vehicle evaluation
- Life Science
- Life sciences
- Lunar flyby
- Lunar fly-by
- Lunar flyby and return
- Lunar fly-by, amateur communications
- Lunar gravity field mapping
- Lunar hard lander
- Lunar impact
- Lunar lander
- Lunar lander and rover
- Lunar orbit and return
- Lunar orbiter
- Lunar orbiter, asteroid flyby, technology experiments
- Lunar Orbiter, communications, navigation
- Lunar Orbiter, relay
- Lunar Orbiter, relay, radio astronomy
- Lunar orbiter, technology
- Lunar orbiter, Technology Experiments
- Lunar semi-soft lander
- Magnetosphere
- Magnetospheric Research
- Magnetospheric research, Amateur communication
- Magnetospheric Research, Technology
- Mars flyby
- Mars flyby (Z. 2), Lunar flyby (Z. 3), Venus flyby (V. 2, K. 96)
- Mars Lander
- Mars Lander / Rover
- Mars orbiter
- Mars orbiter and lander
- Mars orbiter and rover
- Mars orbiter, 1 or 2 Phobos lander
- Mars orbiter, 2 landers, 2 surface penetrators
- Mars orbiter, Mars lander (Beagle 2)
- Mars orbiter, Mars lander, Mars rover
- Mars penetrator
- Mars rover
- Mass model
- Material research, retrievable
- Material science, technology
- Memorial
- Mercury orbiter
- Meteorology
- Meteorology, earth observation
- Meteorology, emergency communications
- Meteorology, experimental
- Meteorology, Ocean monitoring
- Meteorology, Ocean monitoring, experimental communication
- Micro gravity
- Micro gravity (Shuttle retrievable)
- Micro gravity and return
- Microgravity
- Micro-gravity
- Micro-gravity research
- Microgravity, Astronomy (Infra red), Shuttle retrievable carrier
- Micrometeroite Research
- Military
- Military communication
- Military Communication, store dump
- Military relay
- Missile defence technology
- Multiple asteroid fly-by
- Multiple asteroid orbiter
- Multiple comet flybys
- Navigation
- Navigation / Communication
- Navigation / SAR Transponder
- Navigation, communication
- Navigation, data relay
- Navigation, technology
- Navigational and scientific satellite, Amateur communication
- Nuclear Detection
- Ocean Observation
- Ocean Surveillance Launch Dispenser
- Ocean surveillance, active radar
- Ocean Surveillance, ELINT
- Ocean surveillance, passive
- Oceanography
- Particle imaging
- Phobos lander
- Pluto flyby
- R&D
- Radar Altimetry Mission
- Radar calibration
- Radar satellite (modified crewed spacecraft)
- Radio amateur communication
- Radio amateur communication, earth observation, technology
- Radio Astronomy
- Reconnaissance, Earth observation
- Reconnaissance, Earth observation, Micro-gravity
- Reconnaissance, electro-optical
- Reconnaissance, optical
- Reconnaissance, photo
- Reconnaissance, photo (Area survey)
- Reconnaissance, photo (data transmitting)
- Reconnaissance, photo (film return type)
- Reconnaissance, photo (high resolution, film return type)
- Reconnaissance, photo (low resolution, film return type), ELINT
- Reconnaissance, Radar
- Reconnaissance, Radar (Data transmission type)
- Reconnaissance, Radar (Tape return type)
- Reentry Technology
- Reentry technology experiments
- Reentry test
- Relay, communication
- Remote Servicing Technology
- Rendezvous target
- Rendezvous Technology
- Reseach, Magnetosphere
- Research
- Research (Atmospheric density)
- Research (Cosmology)
- Research, Aeronomy, Ionospheric
- Research, air density
- Research, atmosphere
- Research, Comet fly-by
- Research, cosmic radiation and solar astronomy
- Research, ionosphere
- Research, ionosphere, magnetosphere
- Research, ionospheric
- Research, Laser communication
- Research, magnetosphere
- Research, Magnetosphere, micro meteorites
- Research, magnetospheric
- Research, Magntosphere
- Research, meteoroids and radiation
- Research, Micrometeorites
- Research, solar
- Research, upper atmosphere, plasma
- retrievable satellite
- Reusable satellite
- Reusable spacecraft
- RF spectrum monitoring, SIGINT, Traffic monitoring
- Rocket Academy (Taicang) Aerospace Technology Co., Ltd.
- SAR
- Satellite deployment
- Satellite inspector
- Satellite servicing
- Saturn orbiter (Cassini) / Titan lander (Huygens)
- Science
- Science,
- Science, aeronomy, gravity
- Science, astronomy
- Science, astronomy and aeronomy
- Science, astronomy, particles
- Science, astronomy, UV
- Science, atmosphere
- Science, atmosphere, technology
- Science, geophysics
- Science, Ionospheic, earth scienc
- Science, Ionospheic, earth science
- Science, ionosphere
- Science, ionosphere, cosmic rays
- Science, magnetosphere
- Science, magnetosphere, ionosphere
- Science, magnetosphere, technology
- Science, Micro-gravity
- Science, Principle of relativity
- Science, solar
- Science, Solar and Ionosphere
- Science, solar cosmic rays, magnetosphere
- Science, technology, traffic monitoring
- Science, upper atmosphere
- Scientific
- Scientific, cosmic rays, magnetic field and plasma
- Scientific, ionosphere
- SDI / BMD Experiments
- SDI Experiments
- SDI experiments, retrievable satellite
- SIGINT
- SIGINT ?
- SIGINT, COMINT
- SIGINT, ELINT, COMINT
- SIGINT, Technology
- Solar observatory
- Solar observing
- Solar orbiter
- Solar orbiter and earth reentry capsule (#1), Venus flyby and lander (#2)
- Solar sail technology
- Solar Science
- Solar wind sample return
- Space burial
- Space Situational Awareness
- Space station
- Space station adaptor module
- Space Station airlock module
- Space Station central module
- Space station core module
- Space Station docking and airlock module
- Space Station docking module
- Space station experiment module
- Space station external platform
- Space station inspection satellite
- Space station laboratory module
- Space Station logistic carrier
- Space Station logistic module
- Space Station logistics
- Space Station module
- Space station module (modified crewed spacecraft)
- Space station node module
- Space station observation module
- Space Station Photo Voltaic Module
- Space Station service module
- Space Station Truss
- Space Station Truss and Photo Voltaic Module
- Space Station truss structure
- Space SurveiCommunications, Technology
- Space surveillance
- Space surveillance, technology
- Spacecraft
- Spacecraft technology
- Supply
- Supply and return
- Supply, cargo
- Surveilance
- Technological experiments
- Technology
- Technology (Shuttle retrievable)
- Technology ?
- Technology Experiments
- Technology Experiments, Asteroid & Comet Flyby Probe
- Technology fluids in weightlessness
- Technology Plasma interactions
- Technology support
- Technology test
- Technology, aerodynamic stabilization
- Technology, aeronomy
- Technology, amateur communication
- Technology, astronomy
- Technology, astronomy (Gamma-ray)
- Technology, astronomy, Earth observation
- Technology, astronomy, Gamma ray, X-ray
- Technology, atmosphere
- Technology, atmosphere, earth observation
- Technology, atmospheric research
- Technology, atmospheric science
- Technology, automatic rendezvous
- Technology, calibration
- Technology, communication
- Technology, communication M2M/IoT
- Technology, Communication (BIU)
- Technology, communication, earth observation
- Technology, communications
- Technology, communications (IoT)
- Technology, data relay
- Technology, earth observation
- Technology, Earth observation (infra-red)
- Technology, earth observation, education
- Technology, earth observation, traffic monitoring
- Technology, Earth observing, Radar
- Technology, Earth science
- Technology, education
- Technology, education, science (ionosphere)
- Technology, educational
- Technology, entertainment
- Technology, experimental ELINT
- Technology, formation flight
- Technology, geodesy
- Technology, gravity gradient stabilization
- Technology, heliophysics, magnetospheric research
- Technology, imaging
- Technology, inflatable structures
- Technology, inflateable structures
- Technology, interplanetary
- Technology, ionosphere
- Technology, ionosphere, solar
- Technology, ionospheric research
- Technology, life sciences
- Technology, lunar orbiter
- Technology, magnetospheric Research
- Technology, manufacturing, micro-gravity
- Technology, maritime surveilance
- Technology, micro gravity
- Technology, navigation
- Technology, nuclear reactor
- Technology, Reconnaissance?
- Technology, reentry
- Technology, re-entry
- Technology, reentry, tether
- Technology, research (Atmospheric density), radio amateur communications
- Technology, satellite deployment
- Technology, satellite inspector
- Technology, science
- Technology, Science (cosmic rays)
- Technology, Science, Astronomy (IR)
- Technology, science, earth observation
- Technology, SIGINT
- Technology, solar sail
- Technology, space burial
- Technology, thermospheric research
- Technology, thermospheric research, education
- Technology, traffic monitoring
- Technology, traffic monitoring, communications
- Technology, X-ray astronomy
- Tether technology
- Tethered, retrievable satellite
- Thruster module
- Traffic monitoring
- Traffic monitoring, communication M2M/IoT
- Traffic monitoring, earth observation
- Training, Earth Observation
- Unknown
- Unknown (imaging or SIGINT)
- UV Astronomy
- UV Astronomy (Shuttle retrievable)
- UV Astronomy, retrievable satellite
- UV X-Ray Astronomy (Shuttle retrievable)
- UV-Ray Astronomy (Shuttle retrievable)
- Vehicle evaluation
- Vehicle evaluation, Earth observation
- Vehicle evaluation, instrumented second stage
- Venus and Mercury flyby
- Venus flyby
- Venus flyby and lander
- Venus lander
- Venus orbiter
- Venus radar orbiter
- X-Ray Astronomy (Shuttle retrievable)
- X-ray astronomy, technology
Select launch year
- Clear
- 2024
- 2023
- 2022
- 2021
- 2020
- 2019
- 2018
- 2017
- 2016
- 2015
- 2014
- 2013
- 2012
- 2011
- 2010
- 2009
- 2008
- 2007
- 2006
- 2005
- 2004
- 2003
- 2002
- 2001
- 2000
- 1999
- 1998
- 1997
- 1996
- 1995
- 1994
- 1993
- 1992
- 1991
- 1990
- 1989
- 1988
- 1987
- 1986
- 1985
- 1984
- 1983
- 1982
- 1981
- 1980
- 1979
- 1978
- 1977
- 1976
- 1975
- 1974
- 1973
- 1972
- 1971
- 1970
- 1969
- 1968
- 1967
- 1966
- 1965
- 1964
- 1963
- 1962
- 1961
- 1960
- 1959
- 1958
- 1957
Select country
- Clear
- ?
- Algeria
- Algeria, UK
- Angola
- Argentina
- Argentina (LatinSat), USA (AprizeSat)
- Armenia
- Australia
- Australia, Italy
- Austria
- Austria, Canada
- Azerbaijan
- Azerbaijan, International
- Bangladesh
- Belarus
- Belgium
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- Brazil, Spain
- Brazil, USA
- Bulgaria
- Canada
- Canada, USA
- Chile
- China
- China → Indonesia
- China / Germany ?
- China, Brazil
- China, France
- China, Türkiye (Turkey)
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Czech Republic
- Czechoslovakia
- Denmark
- Djibouti
- Ecuador
- Ecuador, Russia
- Egypt
- Estonia
- Ethiopia
- Ethiopia, China
- Europe
- Europe, Japan
- Europe, Russia, USA
- Europe, Switzerland
- Europe, USA
- Finland
- Finland, USA (#10, 17, 24), Brazil (#18, 19)
- France
- France (#1, 2), France, Germany (#3)
- France (#6, 7); Azerbaijan (#7)
- France, Europe
- France, Germany
- France, Italy
- France, USA
- Germany
- Germany / USA
- Germany, Japan
- Germany, Luxembourg
- Germany, UK, USA
- Germany, USA
- Greece
- Greece, Saudi Arabia
- Guatemala
- Hong Kong → China
- Hungary
- India
- India, Bhutan
- India, France
- India, Russia
- Indonesia
- Indonesia, Germany
- International
- International → Afghanistan
- International (Eutelsat), Qatar
- International (Headquarter UK)
- International, Netherlands (NSS)
- Iran
- Ireland
- Israel
- Israel, France
- Israel, Switzerland
- Israel, USA, Chile
- Italy
- Italy, France
- Italy, Iraq
- Italy, Netherlands
- Italy, USA
- Japan
- Japan, Bangladesh, Ghana, Mongolia, Nigeria, Philippines, Bhutan, Malaysia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Paraguay, Uganda, Zimbabwe
- Japan, Paraguay
- Japan, South Korea → China
- Japan, USA
- Jordan
- Kazakhstan
- Kenya
- Kenya, Italy
- Kuwait
- Laos
- Latvia
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Luxembourg, Rwanda, UAE
- Luxembourg, USA
- Malaysia
- Mauritius
- Mexico
- Mexico → International
- Mexico, USA
- Moldova
- Monaco
- Mongolia
- Morocco
- Morocco, Germany
- Myanmar
- Nepal
- Netherlands
- Netherlands, Germany, Belgium, Israel
- New Zealand
- Nigeria
- North Korea
- Norway
- Norway, Netherlands
- Oman
- Pakistan
- Peru
- Peru, Russia
- Philippines
- Poland
- Poland, Canada
- Portugal
- Qatar
- Romania
- Russia
- Russia → China
- Russia / Ukraine
- Russia or Iran
- Russia, Australia
- Russia, Australia, Canada, Europe, India, Ukraine, USA
- Russia, Europe
- Russia, France
- Russia, Germany
- Russia, South Africa
- Russia, USA
- Rwanda
- Saudi Arabia
- Singapore
- Singapore, Japan
- Singapore, Taiwan (Republic of China)
- Slovakia
- Slovakia, Czech Republic
- Slovakia, Hungary
- Slovenia
- South Africa
- South Korea
- South Korea, USA
- Spain
- Spain, UK
- Sudan
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Taiwan (Republic of China)
- Taiwan (Republic of China), USA
- Thailand
- Tunisia
- Turkey
- Türkiye (Turkey)
- Turkmenistan
- Turkmenistan, Monaco
- U.K.
- UAE
- UK
- UK (Channel Islands)
- UK, Israel, Australia
- UK, Netherlands
- UK, USA
- Ukraine
- United Arab Emirates
- Uruguay
- USA
- USA → Canada
- USA (#1), Italy (#2)
- USA (#4, 5, 7); USA, Australia (#6)
- USA (#8, 10); USA, multinational (#9)
- USA (CICERO) / Monaco (OSM)
- USA / Canada
- USA / Europe
- USA / International
- USA ?
- USA, Argentina
- USA, Canada
- USA, China
- USA, Europe
- USA, France
- USA, Germany
- USA, India
- USA, Italy
- USA, Japan
- USA, Russia
- USA, South Korea, UK
- USA, Spain
- USA, Sweden
- USA, UK, Netherlands
- USSR
- USSR / Russia
- USSR / Russia / Ukraine
- USSR, France
- Vatican
- Venezuela
- Vietnam
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