Molniya-1T [ISS Reshetnev]
Official name MOLNIYA 1-93
Alternative name Molniya-1T
Cospar ID 2004-005A
Norad ID 28163
Launch date 2004-02-18
Launch site PKMTR
Launch vehicle Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
Country/Organization USSR
Type application Communication
RCS size LARGE
Decay date 2016-04-16
Shape Cyl + 6 Pan
Mass (kg) 1600
Diameter (m) 2
Height (m) 4
Span (m^2) 5
Lifetime 3 years
Contractors NPO Prikladnoi Mekhaniki (NPO PM)
Propulsion KDU-414A (S5.114)
Configuration KAUR-2
Power 6 deployable solar arrays, batteries

The Molniya were Soviet communication satellites operating from an inclined highly elliptical earth orbit of 500 km × 40000 km with 12 hour period for coverage of high northern latitudes.

The Molniya satellites feature a unique configuration. The pressurized, three-axis stabilized KAUR-2 satellite bus features six non-articulated solar arrays and is operated in a sun-pointed mode. The antennas are mounted on two telescopic arms and are pointable. Each antenna features an optical tracking system which provides information to direct one of the two antennas to the Earth.

The KAUR-2 bus features the KDU-414A propellant system with the 5.114 engine.

Molniya-1T for the military telecommunications network Korund carries the Teta communications payload consisting of 5 transponders. It uses wave tubes more reliable than those of Molniya-1K's Beta, which increases the design life of the satellite from two to three years.

Several satellites, beginning with Molniya-1 3, carried an additional earth observation payload called Berkut consisting of two TV cameras, initially black and white, later also colour. This payload was used for meteorology and also for preparation of a early warning system.

Satellite COSPAR Date LS Launch Vehicle Remarks
MOLNIYA 1-57 1983-025A 1983-04-02 TTMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-60 1984-029A 1984-03-16 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-61 1984-085A 1984-08-10 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-63 1984-124A 1984-12-14 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-64 1985-074A 1985-08-22 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-65 1985-099A 1985-10-23 TTMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-66 1985-103A 1985-10-28 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-67 1986-057A 1986-07-30 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-68 1986-068A 1986-09-05 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-69 1986-089A 1986-11-15 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-70 1986-103A 1986-12-26 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-71 1988-017A 1988-03-11 TTMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-72 1988-022A 1988-03-17 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-73 1988-069A 1988-08-12 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-74 1988-115A 1988-12-28 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-75 1989-014A 1989-02-15 TTMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-76 1989-078A 1989-09-27 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-77 1990-039A 1990-04-26 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-78 1990-071A 1990-08-10 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-79 1990-101A 1990-11-23 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-80 1991-012A 1991-02-15 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-81 1991-043A 1991-06-18 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-82 1991-053A 1991-08-01 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-83 1992-011A 1992-03-04 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-84 1992-050A 1992-08-06 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-85 1993-002A 1993-01-13 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-86 1993-035A 1993-05-26 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-87 1993-079A 1993-12-22 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-88 1994-081A 1994-12-14 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-89 1996-045A 1996-08-14 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-90 1997-054A 1997-09-24 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-91 1998-054A 1998-09-28 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-92 2003-011A 2003-04-02 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)
MOLNIYA 1-93 2004-005A 2004-02-18 PKMTR Molniya-M (Blok-ML)